David's Astronomy Pages (All Sky Camera) Aurora on night 2025-09-01 / 2025-09-02

Aurora 2025-05-16

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Aurora 2025-09-05

Aurora

Notes

Night Summary (Keogram) Plot AllSky Pictures Videos Magnetometer Plots Magnetometer Stack Plots (for reference) Planetary K-Index Plot (for reference) Aurora Forecast, NOAA/Ovation (for reference)

- Auroral activity on the night 2025-09-01 / 2025-09-02 associated with a period of geomagnetic activity up to Kp6 (G2). Skies in NE Scotland were sufficiently clear to see a good display but cloud  eventually hid the aurora at around 01:35 UT (02:35). Activity was visible on camera images from around 22:15 to 01:40 UT (23:15 to 02:40 LT),  with peak activity at around 23:20 UT (00:23 LT), followed by a second peak at around 01:00-01:15 UT (02:00 - 02:15 LT). Observed activity comprised a variety of features, starting with faint green aurora emerging from cloud sky, then brightening and rising to 10° altitude with faint rays, followed by intense development of violet, pik and crimson rays at  the subsequent development of curtains and violet rays up to 40° altitude. After weakening the aurora activity strengthened again with intense green aurora during secondary peak. Images and video below compare colour images captured by the north facing Tapo C325WB Camera, with the black/white images captured using the existing AllSky Camera at approximately the same time.   -  Scandinavian magnetometers recorded activity from 20:00 to 03:00 UT with major peak in activity at 00:00 to 01:30 UT   Lerwick Magnetometer shows activity up to K5 Spaceweather.com reported  : "CME IMPACT SPARKS WIDESPREAD AURORAS: As predicted, a CME struck Earth's magnetic field on Sept. 1st (2100 UTC). The impact was abrupt and strong, bringing solar winds faster than 600 km/s (1.3 million mph), and a G2-class geomagnetic storm" [ Spaceweather.com page for 2025-09-02 ]     - Telescope Images from 2025-09-01 >> -

Night Summary (Keogram) Plot

Night Summary Plot - North Sky (2025-09-01 / 2025-09-02) Aurora Activity visible on colour keogram from 22:15 to 01:35 UT (23:15 to 02:35 LT). with peak around 01:00 UT (02:00  LT) Note; Times on plot are local times (BST  = UTC +01h )

Night Summary Plot - North Sky  (2025-09-01 / 2025-09-02) Times on plot are local times (GMT  = UTC +01h ) Aurora Activity visible on b/wr keogram from 23:20 to 03:00 LT (22:20 to 02:00 UT), with peak around 02:30 - 03:00 LT (01:30 - 02:00 UT)

Scandinavia Magnetometers vs NorthCam Keogram - 2025-09-01 / 2025-09-02

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Pictures (AllSky Camera)

Panoramic View - Northern Sky

2025-09-01 22:23 UT (23:23 LT) Earlier cloud clearly, first sign of aurora arc developing

2025-09-01 22:59 UT (23:59 LT) Auroral arc to 6-7°

2025-09-01 23:13 UT (2025-09-02 00:13 LT) Aurora arc climbing to Alt 8-9°  with faint rays

2025-09-01 23:17 UT (2025-09-02 00:17 LT) Rays developing , some curtain development

2025-09-01 23:20 UT (2025-09-02 00:20 LT) Aurora arc brightening

2025-09-01 23:21 UT (2025-09-02 00:21 LT) Pink, Crimson amd Violet rays intensifying in N to NE sky

2025-09-01 23:23 UT (2025-09-02 00:23 LT) Bright green aurora arc, rays also developing/brightening in N-NW sky

2025-09-01 23:25 UT (2025-09-02 00:25 LT)  High level of activity contiuning. Rays moving to west.. Ray to 45° altitude.

2025-09-01 23:26 UT (2025-09-02 00:26 LT) Bright rays in NW to NNE direction. Green progressing upwards to violet and then pink/crimson.

2025-09-01 23:31 UT (2025-09-02 00:31 LT) Rays starting to weaken

2025-09-01 23:47 UT (2025-09-02 00:47 LT) Meteor or satellite flash in NE Sky at around 23° altitude

2025-09-01 23:50 UT (2025-09-02 00:50 LT) Rays and aurora arc continuing to weaken

2025-09-02 00:14 UT (01:14 LT) Broad aurora arc, whith a few violet rays

2025-09-02 00:33 UT (01:33 LT) Continuing auroral activity with weak rays. Cloud beginning to encroach from west

2025-09-02 00:53 UT (01:53 LT) Aurora arc brightening again, but partly hidden by cloud

2025-09-02 01:06 UT (02:06 LT) Secondary peak in activity with intense green aurora

2025-09-02 01:13 UT (02:13 LT) Secondary peak in activity with intense green aurora

2025-09-02 01:29 UT (02:29 LT) Intense green aurora gradually being hidden by cloud

15s frames taken with Tapo C325WB Colour Camera vs 30s wider-field exposures taken with Oculus All Sky Camera

All Sky Image 2025-09-01 23:25 UT (2025-09-02 00:25 LT) AllSky image at around peak activity with rays to 45-50° altitude in northern & northwestern sky

30s exposures taken with Oculus All Sky Camera

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 Videos

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Magnetometer Plots

Magnetometer Plots from Observatory's Geomagnetic Station

Sumburgh data (sum) from SAMNet UK/AuroraWatch UK Solund (sol) & Karmoy (kar) data from TGO (Tromsø Geophysical Observatory) Brorfelde (bfe) data from DTU Space (Technical University of Denmark)

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Magnetometer Stack Plots (for reference)

Magnetometer Stack Plots from Scandinavia (ordered by latitude) H Component - 2025-09-01/ 2025-09-02 Activity from 20:00 to 03:00 UT with major peak in activity at 00:00 to 01:30 UT Note: Geomagnetometer activity at rvk (Rorvik, 64.95N), dob (Dombas, 62.07N), sol (Solund, 61.08N) and kar (Karmoy, 59.21N) stations are used as indicators for potential auroral activity that may be visible from my Observatory situated at latitude 57.32N  (Map of Stations)

Graphed using 'make your own graph' facilities at  https://flux.phys.uit.no/compose/   (Tromsø Geophysical Observatory  ) Original data from Tromsø Geophysical Observatory (TGO), DTU Space (Technical University of Denmark) and Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) Data also displayed on SpaceWeatherLive's Europe Stackplot at  http://www.spaceweatherlive.com/en/auroral-activity/magnetometers).

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Planetary K-Index Plot (for reference)

Estimated 3 hour Planetary K-Index (NOAA)  (from http://services.swpc.noaa.gov) Planetary-k-index_2025-09-01/ 2025-09-02 Not captured

SAMNET's magnetometer at Sumburgh, Shetland  (Chart Explanation)  - Geomagnetic activity on the night 2025-09-01/ 2025-09-02 Plot shows elevated activity from 21:00 to 02:00 UT with major peak at 00:00 to 01:00 UT

8-day Lerwick Observatory K Index Showing max K5 on the night 2025-09-01/ 2025-09-02

Planetary K-Index and other information (Space Weather Prediction Centre) shows maximum Kp4+ during the night 2025-09-01/ 2025-09-02

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Aurora Forecast, NOAA/Ovation (for reference) 

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